Acids & Bases

1) An acid produces _____________________ ions in water.

2) A base produces _____________________ ions in water.

3) Classify the following compounds as acids or bases: KOH, H₂SO₄, NaOH, HCl, Ca(OH)₂, HNO₃, NH₄OH, HC₂H₃O₂

Acids:

Bases:

4) List three properties of acids.

5) List three properties of bases.

6) On the pH scale given below, put a circle around acids, put a box around bases, and leave neutral as it is.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

7) The pH of some common substances are listed below. Label them as acidic, basic, or neutral.

vinegar, 2.8 drain cleaner (lye), 13 sea water, 8.5 an orange, 3.5

8) Which is more acidic, an acid with a pH of 1 or an acid with a pH of 2?

9) Which is more basic, a base with a pH of 13 or a base with a pH of 14?

10) How many times stronger is a solution with a pH of 9 compared to one with a pH of 8?

11) How many times stronger is a solution with a pH of 11 compared to one with a pH of 8?

12) How many times stronger is a solution with a pH of 14 compared to one with a pH of 8?

13) While hanging out in a chemistry lab, you find a glass filled with a liquid that looks like water. You’re thirsty, and nobody is around, so you take a drink. It tastes very bitter and begins to dissolve your mouth and throat. Is the liquid an acid or a base? Is the pH less than or greater than 7?

14) Complete the following neutralization reactions, and balance the equations.

a. KOH + H₂SO₄ →

b. NaOH + HCl →

c. Ca(OH)₂ + HNO₃ →

d. Mg(OH)₂ + H₃PO₄ →

e. NH₄OH + HC₂H₃O₂ →

15) Write the formula and name of the salt formed in the neutralizations of the previous question.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.